Validated clinical instruments with primary-source citations
Health Conditions & Clinical Context

Browse by Health Condition

Learn about common clinical conditions, epidemiology, and the specific validated questionnaires and risk prediction tools recommended by clinical practice guidelines.

Psychiatry & Primary Care

Depression (Major Depressive Disorder)

A common psychiatric condition characterized by persistent depressed mood, anhedonia (diminished interest/pleasure), neurovegetative symptoms, and impaired daily functioning.

Validated Screening Tools:
Affects approximately 8% of U.S. adults annuallyRead Overview
Psychiatry & Primary Care

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Excessive, uncontrollable anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, accompanied by physical restlessness, fatigue, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance.

Validated Screening Tools:
Estimated lifetime prevalence of 5.7% in the general adult population, frequently co-occurring with major depressive disorder.Read Overview
Addiction Medicine & Primary Care

Alcohol Use Disorder & Hazardous Drinking

A spectrum disorder ranging from mild risky consumption to severe chronic alcohol dependence with psychological tolerance, physical withdrawal, and loss of behavioral control.

Validated Screening Tools:
Affects over 29 million people in the United StatesRead Overview
Cardiology

Atrial Fibrillation (Thromboembolic Risk)

The most prevalent supraventricular cardiac arrhythmia, predisposing patients to intra-atrial thrombus formation, cardiogenic thromboembolism, and ischemic stroke.

Validated Screening Tools:
Projected to affect over 12 million individuals in the US by 2030; confers a 5-fold increase in ischemic stroke risk.Read Overview
Emergency Medicine & Hematology

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Formation of blood clots in the deep venous system, most commonly the lower extremities, carrying the acute danger of pulmonary embolism (PE) and long-term post-thrombotic syndrome.

Validated Screening Tools:
Incidence is approximately 1 to 2 per 1,000 person-years in general adult populations.Read Overview
Pulmonology & Emergency Medicine

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

Acute pulmonary parenchymal infection contracted outside of hospital or healthcare facility settings, presenting with fever, cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary infiltrate.

Validated Screening Tools:
Leading cause of infectious hospitalization and death worldwide, particularly among older adults (>65 years).Read Overview
Nephrology & Primary Care

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Persistent abnormalities of kidney structure or function present for more than 3 months, classified by estimated GFR stages and albuminuria categories.

Validated Screening Tools:
Affects approximately 37 million US adults (14% of the adult population), often silent until advanced stages.Read Overview
Primary Care & Endocrinology

Obesity & Adiposity-Based Chronic Disease

A complex chronic relapsing disease characterized by excess adiposity that impairs physical health and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.

Validated Screening Tools:
Affects over 42% of U.S. adultsRead Overview